Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Hydrogel-integrated osteogenic microtissues promote repair of infected intervertebral defects through sequential immunomodulation

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103657

Figure Lengend Snippet: Osteogenic response supported by hydrogel under conditional inflammatory environment of RAW264.7 macrophages. A, B) Schematic illustrations of the inflammatory culture systems established using conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages to evaluate osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs (A) and osteogenic bone microtissues (BO) (B) . C, E) Representative ALP)staining and quantitative analysis of ALP activity on day 7. D, F) Representative ARS staining and quantitative analysis of mineral deposition on day 14. G) Immunofluorescence staining of OCN and OPN in BO after the different treatments. H) Western blot of RUNX2 and OCN expression. I,J) Quantification of RUNX2 and OCN. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Osteogenic protein expression in bone microtissues was assessed by immunofluorescence staining for OCN (ABclonal, A6205, 1:200) and OPN (ABclonal, A23658, 1:200) and by western blotting for RUNX2(Abcam, ab192256,1:1000), OCN (ABclonal, A6205, 1:1000), and GAPDH (ABclonal, AC001, 1:10,000).

Techniques: Staining, Analysis, Activity Assay, Immunofluorescence, Western Blot, Expressing